Researchers have developed a “cost-effective” blood test that could detect Parkinson’s disease well before symptoms begin, according to a new study. With approximately 153,000 people living with the condition in the UK, scientists believe the test has the potential to transform early diagnosis and pave the way for timely treatments and better patient outcomes. Parkinson’s is a progressive neurological disorder in which brain cells gradually die, resulting in a decline in dopamine—a crucial chemical responsible for regulating movement.
++ Oddball sea creature found near Vancouver after long search
The new test, which reportedly costs around £80, identifies specific fragments of genetic material in the blood known as transfer RNA fragments (tRFs). It focuses on a repetitive RNA sequence commonly found in people with Parkinson’s, as well as a decline in mitochondrial RNA, which worsens as the disease progresses. Mitochondria are energy-producing structures within cells, and changes in their RNA can serve as early indicators of the condition.
By analysing the ratio between these biomarkers, researchers claim the test is accurate, non-invasive, and rapid. It uses PCR technology—familiar from Covid-19 testing—which amplifies the genetic material, making it easier to detect. On a performance scale where 1 is a perfect score and 0.5 indicates randomness, the test achieved a strong 0.86. In contrast, current clinical methods for early-stage diagnosis score just 0.73, according to findings published in Nature Aging.
++ Elon Musk backs calls for jailed mother’s temporary release amid political backlash
Professor Hermona Soreq of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, who led the research, described the development as a “major advancement” that sheds light on the earliest molecular changes linked to Parkinson’s. Parkinson’s UK’s director of research, Professor David Dexter, welcomed the findings but emphasised the need for further validation to ensure the test can distinguish Parkinson’s from other conditions with similar symptoms. The study was led by PhD student Nimrod Madrer, in collaboration with international researchers from the UK and Israel.
