A new study has found that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) could be responsible for thousands of early deaths in the UK each year. These foods, including items such as ice cream, processed meats, crisps, mass-produced bread, breakfast cereals, biscuits, and fizzy drinks, have long been associated with a variety of health problems, such as obesity, heart disease, and cancer. Experts suggest that UPFs, often high in saturated fats, sugar, and salt, may contribute to increased mortality rates.
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Research from the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reveals that the UK has one of the highest consumption rates of UPFs globally, with 53 per cent of people’s energy intake coming from these foods. This is second only to the US, where UPFs account for 55 per cent of energy intake. The study suggests that approximately 17,781 premature deaths in the UK in 2018/19 could have been linked to the consumption of UPFs. The model predicts that the proportion of premature deaths due to UPFs could be as high as 14 per cent in the UK, mirroring the situation in the US.
Lead investigator Eduardo Nilson, from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in Brazil, explained that UPFs’ impact on health goes beyond the high content of unhealthy nutrients such as sodium, trans fats, and sugar. The industrial processes involved in creating these foods introduce artificial ingredients, including colourants, flavours, and emulsifiers. Dr Nilson’s research shows that each 10 per cent increase in UPF consumption raises the risk of death from all causes by 3 per cent, highlighting the significant health implications of consuming these foods regularly.
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While the study strengthens the case for reducing UPF consumption, some experts remain cautious about drawing firm conclusions. Dr Nerys Astbury from the University of Oxford pointed out that many UPFs are high in calories, fat, and sugar, which are already known to be harmful. However, more research is needed to establish a clear causal link between UPFs and disease. Dr Astbury also cautioned against hastily adding UPF consumption to national dietary guidelines without further evidence.
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